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Moneybags for Some, Triumphant Return for Others: Fates of Five Presidents Forced to Flee Their Post_我的网站

A |     The ouster of Sri Lankan President Gotabaya Rajapaksa has roused substantial global media attention, particularly in light of the colorful images coming out of the country of protesters storming his opulent Colombo residence and turning it into a tourist attraction, posing for selfies, and organizing pool parties and cookouts.,But the chaos in Colombo isn’t the first time in the last decade or so that a head of state has been ousted from office in a time of crisis and forced to flee, with the last dozen years witnessing at least five comparable cases.,Ashraf Ghani’s Bags of Money,Last August, a ten-day blitzkrieg offensive by the Taliban* to capture cities in the midst of the NATO withdrawal culminated in the fall of Kabul and the collapse of the Afghan government. President Ashraf Ghani, the US-educated academic-turned president, fled the country he ruled at the West’s behest for seven years.,Ghani evacuated Kabul on August 15, the same day that Taliban fighters entered the city, and eventually ended up in the United Arab Emirates, where he took refuge. Ghani apologized to his countrymen and women for bolting, saying that leaving the capital “was the most difficult decision” of his life and that he took it to avoid a repeat of the bloody street fighting witnessed in the city between government and Taliban forces in the 1990s. In addition, he said, his security team had advised him not to stay due to the risk of assassination or capture.,The Russian Embassy in Kabul painted a different story, alleging that Ghani fled the city in a convoy of vehicles stuffed with so much cash that it could not fit in a helicopter which took him out of the country. UK media later alleged that Ghani may have sought to smuggle as much as $169 million in cash out of Kabul, with a former bodyguard later confirming that the ex-president’s entourage was carrying “many big bags” containing “hundreds of millions, perhaps billions of dollars.”,Ghani has categorically rejected the allegations against him, and has said that he would welcome an international investigation to clear his good name.,AfghanistanEx-Afghan President Ghani Says He Was Made 'Scapegoat' for Fleeing, Blames Trump - Report 31 December 2021, 03:27 GMT,Evo Morales’ Happy Ending,On November 10, 2019, Bolivia’s long-serving democratic socialist president Evo Morales was forced to step down after weeks of protests sparked by an election whose results were disputed by the country’s US-backed opposition. Characterizing the crisis as a “coup” and fearing he would be killed by assassins hired out by his enemies, Morales fled to Mexico, where he was granted asylum by President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador.,The Trump administration hailed Morales’ ouster, with the US president tweeting that the unrest sent “a strong signal to the illegitimate regimes in Venezuela and Nicaragua that democracy and the will of the people will always prevail.”,But the anti-Morales’ plot’s victory was short-lived. Immediately after touching down in Mexico, Morales vowed that he’d remain in politics, and that his “fight” against “discrimination and humiliation” would continue.,In late 2019, after the election victory of leftist forces in Argentina, Morales traveled to that country, where he was granted asylum. In November 2020, after new elections in his home country saw the victory of Luis Arce, his former finance minister, Morales triumphantly returned to Bolivia. Today, although he is not president, Morales remains a major force in Bolivian politics, consistently attacking “Yankee imperialism” and recently calling on Bolivia and Argentina to join forces to become a global lithium-producing superpower.,The fate of his adversaries has not been so bright, with Jeanine Anez, the right wing politician who took over after Morales’ ouster, recently sentenced to ten years in prison for her role in the 2019 coup.,© Photo : Twitter / @evoespuebloFormer Bolivian President Evo Morales during his triumphant return to his home country in November 2020.Former Bolivian President Evo Morales during his triumphant return to his home country in November 2020.© Photo : Twitter / @evoespueblo,Yemen’s Hadi,In 2012, Yemeni politician Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi seemed to have the world at his feet. Succeeding President Ali Abdullah Saleh, whom he faithfully served as vice president starting in 1994, Hadi won the February 2012 presidential elections with an impressive 100 percent of the vote, running as the sole candidate. He proceeded to initiate a US- and Saudi-supported reform program aimed at transforming Yemen into a federal model of government under which six regions would enjoy large-scale political autonomy. Hadi also supported ramping up cooperation with Washington to fight piracy in the Gulf of Aden, and al-Qaeda** cells attempting to set up shop in Yemen’s sparsely populated northeastern territories.,Hadi’s reforms, allegations of corruption, and the ill-fated decision to end fuel subsidies in 2014 proved fatal, and between late 2014 and early 2015, much of the country was overrun by the Houthis, an Islamist, social justice-oriented political and militant movement dominant in the country’s populous western provinces. In January 2015, Hadi left his presidential palace in Sana’a for the last time, and, without resigning, flew to Saudi Arabia.,© AP Photo / Hani MohammedShiite Houthi tribesmen hold their weapons as they chant slogans during a tribal gathering showing support for the Houthi movement, in Sanaa, Yemen, Saturday Sept. 21, 2019Shiite Houthi tribesmen hold their weapons as they chant slogans during a tribal gathering showing support for the Houthi movement, in Sanaa, Yemen, Saturday Sept. 21, 2019© AP Photo / Hani Mohammed,Two months later, in March 2015, a Saudi-led military coalition began a military operation in Yemen aimed at restoring Hadi to power. Seven years on, the coalition has made little progress, and the impoverished southern Arabian nation remains mired in a deep political, military, economic and humanitarian crisis. Meanwhile, the Houthis have counterattacked by launching drone and missile strikes targeting Saudi infrastructure, military bases, airports, oil facilities, missile defense systems and cities, with no amount of sophisticated US-made air defense hardware seeming sufficient to stop the attacks.,As for Hadi, the exiled president resigned from the post in April, transferring power to an eight-member ‘presidential leadership council’ tasked with negotiating a permanent ceasefire with the Houthis.,Saudi Arabia ‘Pushed’ Yemen’s Hadi to Resign, Placed Him on House Arrest - WSJ17 April, 22:22 GMT,Ukraine’s Yanukovych,Of all the ejections from office featured in this list so far, perhaps none have been more consequential to the geopolitical instability being experienced by the world today than that of Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych.,Yanukovych handcrafted the crisis which would culminate in his ouster in the winter of 2013 by pulling a major political U-turn and rejecting an association agreement with the European Union in favor of closer ties with the Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union. The decision prompted pro-EU protesters to flood the center of Kiev, with demonstrators establishing tent encampments and occupying the heart of the city – the Maidan Nezalezhnosti (lit. ‘Independence Square’).,Protests continued for weeks, with Yanukovych making concessions under EU pressure, accepting the resignation of the government of Prime Minister Nikolai Azarov in late January, and negotiating with an increasingly emboldened opposition to try to resolve the crisis.,On February 20, protests turned bloody, with 49 demonstrators and four police officers killed by mysterious snipers in a single day. On February 22, just a day after reaching an EU-backed agreement on the settling the crisis through early elections, Yanukovych fled Kiev in fear for his life, traveling east and slipping across the border into Russia, where he was offered refuge. Pro-European forces in Ukraine’s parliament drafted a resolution to strip Yanukovych of power, claiming he had “withdrawn from his duties in an unconstitutional manner.” From Russia, Yanukovych blasted the new authorities, and characterized his ouster as a coup d’état.,Kiev, Washington Responsible for Failure of Minsk Peace Agreements, Ukraine's Former President Says14 March, 15:17 GMT,Tunisia’s Ben Ali,On January 14, 2011, President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali’s 24-year reign as Tunisian leader came to an end, with the president and his family fleeing the country to Saudi Arabia after weeks of protests which would hail the start of the so-called ‘Arab Spring’. The ‘Tunisian Revolution’ was driven by long-standing grievances among Tunisians about corruption, high unemployment, inflation, and general poor living conditions, as well as limitations on freedom of speech. The protests were sparked by 26-year-old street vendor Mohamed Bouazizi, who set himself on fire in the street after police confiscated his wares when he failed to pay a bribe, and after his plea for help from the local governor was left unanswered. The young man's act, which would cause over 100 copycat immolation attempts, would spark a month of protests which culminated in Ben Ali’s ouster.,After his ejection, the Tunisian president would live to a ripe old age of 83, passing away in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in September 2019. But the unrest which his removal sparked would end up transforming much of the Middle East and engulfing some of its countries in crisis which continue to reverberate to this day. In 2011, major protests rocked Algeria and Yemen, and led to the overthrow of the government of Hosni Mubarak in Egypt. In Libya, NATO lent a ‘helping hand’ to anti-government rebels by launching a campaign of airstrikes against forces loyal to Muammar Gaddafi, culminating in his ouster and televised murder, and turning Libya into a failed state. The contagion of the Arab Spring also spread to Syria, which was turned into a breeding ground for jihadist militants who flocked to the country from the region and across the globe to take part in the unsuccessful US, Turkish, Saudi and Qatari-backed campaign to try to oust the government of Bashar Assad.,Ousted Tunisian President Ben Ali Buried in Saudi Arabia - Reports21 September 2019, 17:53 GMT,* An organization subject to United Nations sanctions for terrorist activities.,** A terrorist group outlawed in Russia and many other countries.。    近些年，节假日调休的问题，常常被推上舆论的风口浪尖，而今年网上关于调休的讨论尤其热烈。“五一又双叒调休了”“五一其实只放1天”等话题不断登上热搜。

B | 图源：卡乐图片 宁颖 摄有观点认为调休制度不合理，是时候取消了；有观点认为有的调休“诚意不足水分足”；也有观点认为，调休存在合理性，一味吐槽调休并不能解决休息不够的问题。　　调休从1999年开始，已经伴随国人走过了25年。争议当前，调休是否该做优化？如何才能让这个众口难调的问题在理性的讨论中得到进一步解决？值得我们探讨。

C | 　　浙江日报：吐槽调休凑假的背后　　“五一”将至，又有人吐槽“凑假”模式，这似乎成了小长假前的“必修课”。　　近日，有媒体题为《反对调休的声音,不能装作听不到》的评论上了热搜。在网上，有人吐槽，明明只放了一天假，硬把前后双休日拽过来，与其说是放假，不如说是“假放”。　　既然讨论如此热烈，这个议题还是有必要说道。　　把放假说成“假放”显然是“气话”，但即便是“气话”，其背后的态度也值得琢磨。　　实际上，小长假一度也是很香的，为何近年来吐槽声越来越多？套用《大话西游》里的一句台词：从前的“小甜甜”成了“牛夫人”。笔者认为，这种吐槽或许与社会观念、社会结构、休假方式的变迁有关。具体来说，它折射了两大变化——　　一个是从期待有假可休到期待有更多假可休。随着生活水平提高和社会观念多元，当人们获取收入不再像以往那么急迫时，自然期待更多闲暇时间。说得朴实一点：“谁嫌假多呢？”但是，毕竟，休假天数标准是综合考虑经济发展水平、企业人工成本承受能力、职工休息休假需要等因素制定的，很难“一口吃成胖子”。这种现实与前述期待之间就有了张力。　　另一个是从期待有假可休到期待休得更好。小长假推出之初，中国社会的城乡二元结构还比较显著，探亲、团圆是人们的迫切需求。但如今，城市化率大幅上升，家庭成员两地分居状况大为改善。加之中国建起高度发达的高铁系统，探亲这个刚性需求不能说消失了，但确实缓和了。

D | 随之而来的是，人们旅游度假的需求大幅攀升。这带来了节假日景区和高速公路的人从众和车堵车，大大折减了旅游出行品质。　　因此，当利用小长假探亲的需求弱化后，人们就会反思，究竟有多大必要腾挪双休日，拼凑出一个小长假？　　这两大变化，归根结底，依然是人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾的折射。置于这个背景下，或许能更好地理解公众诉求，推动政策与民意的良性互动。

E | 　　一方面，客观而言，社会也应理解假期设置的难度，保持一定的耐心和包容。

F | 有道是众口难调，这世上恐怕没有一种休假制度能让所有人满意。另一方面，假期制度设置应该重视公众呼声，认真研究有无针对性调整的必要。

G | 退一步讲，哪怕不对休假作大的调整，也应该尽快落实带薪休假制度。

H | 　　因为，我国法定节假日其实并不少，而软肋恰在带薪休假上。多家媒体梳理显示，62个国家和地区法定节假日天数平均为11.7天。我国（11天）排在并列第33位，属中等水平，超过了澳、美、德、加、英等发达国家。但是在带薪休假上，62个国家和地区工作10年的职工带薪年休假平均为19个工作日。而我国目前是10个工作日，还有提升空间。　　更重要的是，带薪休假制度在落实上有待发力。此前，人力资源部在60个城市所作的调查显示，所在单位实行带薪年休假制度且具备休假条件（工作满1年）的职工中，能够享受带薪年休假的人数比例仅为60%。

I | 　　总之，假期制度的完善是循序渐进的过程，但就短期而言，更有力地落实带薪休假制度或许能起到一石多鸟之功效，回应民众休得更多、休得更好的期待。　　（中国小康网综合浙江宣传、浙江日报）。

J |

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