更新时间：2026-08-26 来源：互联网编辑：文海成点击数： 4439707次

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Turmoil Timeline: Here's How US & West Messed Up Afghanistan Evacuation_我的网站

那一场呼啸而过的青春

一 | 在CES 2019的第一天，极客之选的前沿报道团队遇到了一位“熟悉又陌生”的朋友。众所周知，贝尔直升机被认为是世界领先的直升机和倾斜翼飞机制造商之一，但这次在CES上贝尔直升机并不是传统的飞机，而是一个相对新的技术项目“空中滑行”。一个背景信息是，去年贝尔直升机更名为贝尔，它删除了后缀“直升机”，还发布了一个全新的战略和品牌标志。 On the one-year anniversary of US forces’ hasty withdrawal from Afghanistan after a 20-year deployment, there is renewed focus on the decision-making made by the Joe Biden administration that resulted in the swift fall of the Afghan government and the eventual return to power of the Taliban* Islamist group.,With the Democratic POTUS’ approval rating hitting historic lows and eating away at his party’s November midterm prospects, it is commonly believed that his handling of the Afghan crisis at the time of the pull-out created the momentum that began to drag down Americans’ confidence in Biden’s leadership.,The United States-led military offensive "Operation Enduring Freedom" was originally launched by former US President George W. Bush in pursuit of terrorists from Al Qaeda** - including leader Osama bin Laden - for masterminding the September 11, 2001 attacks in the US.,At the time, a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamist terrorist group Al Qaeda killed 2,996 people in the US as hijackers crashed two planes into the World Trade Center, hijacking another that failed to reach its target, crashing in Shanksville, Pa., and a third that struck the west side of the Pentagon.,© AP Photo / AMY SANCETTASmoke billows from the North and South Towers of the World Trade Center before they collapsed on September 11, 2001 in New York, NYSmoke billows from the North and South Towers of the World Trade Center before they collapsed on September 11, 2001 in New York, NY© AP Photo / AMY SANCETTA,After suspicion fell onto Al Qaeda, the United States responded by launching the War on Terror and invading Afghanistan under the pretext that the Taliban had failed to comply with Washington’s demands to expel Al Qaeda from the country and extradite the terrorist group’s leader, Osama bin Laden. American-led forces overthrew the Kabul-based Taliban government, which had been in control of large parts of the country since 1996.,Bin Laden was eventually killed nearly a decade later, in 2011, by a group of Navy SEALs who raided his compound in Pakistan. As Washington's attempt to impose Western ideas and forms of government on the country increasingly failed and the situation deteriorated for the Western-backed government in Kabul, the Donald Trump administration opened peace talks with the Taliban.,In February 2020, the Donald Trump administration signed an agreement in Doha, Qatar, between the US and the Taliban on drawing down US involvement based on a "reduction in violence." The "Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistan" set out a series of commitments from the US and the Taliban regarding troop levels, counterterrorism, and intra-Afghan dialogue seeking to bring about "a permanent and comprehensive ceasefire.",The deal stipulated a deadline of May 1 the next year for all US troops to leave the country.,However, in April 2021, President Joe Biden, just seven months into his presidency, unilaterally deviated from the peace deal by extending the timeframe to September 11 and ordered all troops to withdraw from the country by an end of August 2021 deadline, with his decision triggering chaos and bloodshed.,‘Failed Intel’,As the US military began their pull-out, sending home troops and equipment, the emboldened Taliban proceeded with a lightening-swift onslaught. They took over huge swathes of the country, facing little resistance and picking up weapons and vehicles paid for by the US government which Afghan government troops left behind.,US 'Lost Track' of Afghan War Aims, Says Retired Marine General12 August, 17:00 GMT,Afghan officials, including the country’s president, Ashraf Ghani, fled, as the country’s capital, Kabul, was taken over by the militants on August 15, 2021 in a matter of hours.,None of the US intelligence assessments had predicted such a swift collapse, with American officials insisting in June that Kabul could capitulate within six to 12 months after the start of the withdrawal. Amid reports of failed intel forecasts, then-Pentagon spokesman John Kirby acknowledged that security in some parts of Afghanistan was “certainly deteriorating, and that’s of concern.” Washington continued to emphasize “commitment to the people of Afghanistan” and the goal of “ensuring that Afghanistan never again becomes a safe haven for terrorist groups who pose a threat to the US homeland.”,Amid the developments, the Biden administration debated whether to delay the American departure from Bagram Air Base, 35 miles north of Kabul, but eventually opted to go ahead. Army Gen. Mark A. Milley, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, had told the House Armed Services Committee that “it is not necessary for the United States to stay at Bagram for what we’re going to try to do here with Afghanistan.”,Civilians Caught in Crossfire,As the Taliban regained full control, more than 120,000 people, including Afghans and foreigners, were frantically evacuated in a vast airlift operation from Kabul International airport. Thousands of Afghan citizens desperately sought to flee the country in fear of the Islamist group’s return to rule.,Exclusive- A clear video (from other angle) of men falling from C-17. They were Clinging to some parts of the plane that took off from Kabul airport today. #Talibans #Afghanistan #Afghanishtan pic.twitter.com/CMNW5ngqrK— Aśvaka - آسواکا News Agency (@AsvakaNews) August 16, 2021,Searing images from the capital’s airport showed desperate people trying to cling to the wings of planes that were taking off amid the huge airlift operation. Many Afghans who collaborated with the occupying US forces and feared retribution from the Islamist group were left behind in the hasty evacuation. Between 100 and 200 Americans remained in Afghanistan, despite wanting to get out.,© AP Photo / Wali SabawoonSmoke rises from a deadly explosion outside the airport in Kabul, Afghanistan, Thursday, Aug. 26, 2021. Smoke rises from a deadly explosion outside the airport in Kabul, Afghanistan, Thursday, Aug. 26, 2021. © AP Photo / Wali Sabawoon,Furthermore, 13 US troops were killed on August 26 in a suicide bomb attack blamed on an Afghan offshoot of Daesh***.,The explosive device detonated by a single bomber who was able to approach Kabul International Airport's Abbey Gate killed at least 170 Afghan civilians and 13 US service members. The bomber was not stopped as Afghans had begun using alternate routes to the gate due to the difficulty of getting through Taliban checkpoints.,In another deadly incident that marred the withdrawal, a botched US drone strike killed 10 civilians - seven of them children - on August 29.,WorldCIA Reportedly Warned US Military of Likely Presence of Children Near Afghan Drone Strike Target 19 September 2021, 08:56 GMT,The US claimed it had been targeting a Daesh operative with a car full of explosives linked to the terrorist group’s affiliate, planning an imminent attack on American forces during the final days of the evacuation. However, the man turned out to be a longtime Afghan aid worker, Zamarai Ahmadi, employed by Nutrition and Education International, a nongovernmental organization focused on food security.,Approximately three weeks after the strike, the military acknowledged its "tragic mistake," yet a subsequent Air Force review around the strike found "no violation of law, including the law of war.",The last US aircraft left Kabul on August 30, 2021.,AfghanistanKirby Under Fire After He 'Takes Issue With Premise' US Handed Afghanistan to 'Terrorist Group'3 August, 09:54 GMT,Joe Biden’s administration faced bipartisan criticism for the Afghan withdrawal.,On August 17, just two days after the fall of Kabul, National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan promised the White House would “conduct an extensive hot wash” and “look at every aspect of this from top to bottom.” But it remains unclear when any progress will be made by the congressionally-ordered bipartisan 16-member commission on the 20-year Afghan war, US media reported.,NBC News: Biden Admin Prepping Unified Message on Anniversary of Botched Afghan Withdrawal11 July, 16:09 GMT,The White House is believed to have geared up for congressional investigations into the Afghanistan withdrawal if Republicans win the House or the Senate in November’s midterm elections, according to sources cited in US media reports.,* The Taliban is an organization under UN sanctions over terrorist activities.,**Al-Qaeda is a terrorist group banned in Russia and many other countries.,*** Daesh, also known as ISIS/IS/Islamic State, is a terrorist group banned in Russia.。事实上，这也反映了贝尔希望除了现有的直升机业务外，积极探索更加多样化和未来的出行方式。还记得，在去年年初的CES 2018展会上，贝尔展示了一个新的空中出租车项目，并当场展示了其先进的车厢内部系统。

二 | 驾驶舱基于按需旅行服务（ODM）的概念。官员们认为，驾驶舱的经验将超过现有飞机产品的经验（机舱设计见下图）。一年后，贝尔在CES 2019上宣布了更多的空中出租车项目的技术细节。这次展览还将驾驶舱内部系统升级为更完整的空中出租车结构，使我们能够进一步了解这一非常前沿的智能出行方式。贝尔在CES的展台位于LVCC北厅，通常被称为“北亭汽车区”。不得不说，在许多自动驾驶汽车中，贝尔的出租车确实引人注目，而且现场也能看到许多好奇的媒体记者在了解产品的细节。这是拉斯维加斯的极客选择现场报道。贝尔发布的空中出租车的全尺寸设计被命名为Nexus，我相信很多数码爱好者会感觉非常友好。具体来说，Nexus被定义为VTOL混合气出租车，带有贝尔标志性的倾斜转子设计和六个倾斜风管风扇。官员们说，它可以提供安全和高效的空中旅行体验。Bell Nexus的混合动力设计可以让它更长的耐久性和负载能力。Nexus可以载5个人，载重量为600磅。您还可以通过上图看到右侧的加注口。我们也进入了贝尔尼克斯的内部客舱进行体验。五个座位按2-2-1的排列。前排座椅是驾驶员座椅，但是你看不到传统直升机的控制部件。

三 | 相反，现代仪表系统可以实现未来的自动驾驶功能。令人印象深刻的是，贝尔·尼克斯的座椅非常舒适，就像坐在豪华轿车里一样。据《边缘》外国媒体报道，全世界有19家公司在研究飞行汽车/出租车，其中包括一些大型航空公司和许多新成立的公司。贝尔公司在倾转旋翼技术方面积累了大量的经验，与波音公司合作开发的V-22已经服役多年。据官方介绍，贝尔在航空业的积累也是其优势所在：贝尔耐克斯由贝尔设计、开发和制造；其他合作伙伴包括赛峰、EPS、泰利斯、穆格和加敏。其中，赛峰为Nexus提供混合动力解决方案，EPS提供储能系统，泰利斯提供飞行控制计算机（FCC）硬件和软件，Moog提供飞行控制动作系统，Garmin负责集成航空电子系统和飞机管理计算机。据现场工作人员称，贝尔·尼克斯预计将于2025年左右出现。值得一提的是，贝尔也是Uber空中出租车项目的合作伙伴，制造商和服务提供商之间的合作将加速这一概念的实现。也许将来飞去上班并不遥远。”随着地面交通越来越拥挤，我们必须在三维空间中寻找新的交通解决方案来应对当前的挑战。我们非常自豪地向业界宣布，备受期待的空中出租车现已正式启动。