年轻气盛
Proposed US rule barring China science collaboration sparks outcry from US scientists_我的网站
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The proposed Office of Management and Budget (OMB) rule, set to take effect in December, would mark one of the biggest overhauls of US science funding in decades, giving political appointees greater authority over grant awards previously guided by scientific peer review and requiring that they "advance the President's policy priorities," according to the Washington Post.
It would also effectively expand the 2011 Wolf Amendment, which bars scientists from using NASA funding for bilateral collaborations with China, to all federal agencies and scientists receiving federal funds, marking the largest break in US-China scientific engagement in decades, the US media outlet reported.
So far, the proposed rule has garnered nearly half a million public comments, many from scientists and leading US science bodies. A Washington Post analysis of 50,000 of those comments found that around 88 percent were negative.
The rule, initially set to take effect in October, was pushed back to December after a bipartisan stopgap funding bill temporarily halted its adoption. Unlike the Wolf Amendment, the rule does not require congressional approval to take effect.
"I do think there are still members of Congress who think we have a monopoly on knowledge. They think we're still in the Cold War Soviet era ... where we were ahead in most areas of science and technology. That is not the case with China. We are no longer the leader in many areas of science," said Tobin Smith, senior vice president for government relations and public policy at the Association for American Universities, which advocates on behalf of leading US research universities, per the Washington Post.
Scientists warn that the rule risks subjecting long-term scientific research to four-year political cycles. "We will not succeed if with every new administration we are ping-ponging back and forth about priorities," the American Association for the Advancement of Science said in a blistering comment, urging the administration to withdraw the rule. "Fast-tracking such profound changes ... hands an easy victory to nations like China," it said, the Washington Post reported.
This reflects a fundamental divide between the US government and the scientific community over how science should develop, Wang Yiwei, a professor at Renmin University of China's School of International Studies, told the Global Times. He noted that politicians tend to believe that suppressing China as a competitor would allow the US to preserve its market dominance and technological edge.
Scientists, however, tend to follow a different logic, as scientific progress depends on openness, exchanges and collaboration. If science and technology are driven solely by competition and private capital, with the ultimate goal of maintaining technological monopolies, this could create greater risks and ultimately undermine US interests as well, Wang said.
The proposed rule change is the latest salvo in a broader battle in Washington over how to respond to China's rise as a scientific superpower. In July, the US National Science Foundation (NSF) also moved to ban collaborations between scientist it funds and many Chinese research institutions and their employees, according to Science magazine.
Liu Shaoshan, director of the Center for Embodied AI at the Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society and a former US-based researcher, told the Global Times in a previous interview that the NSF's new proposed rules created a "talent wall," arguing that restrictions based on nationality, institutional affiliation, and research partnerships could reduce the global talent pool available to the US, weaken its ability to attract leading scientists, and slow scientific innovation.
Liu also said scientific advancement relies not only on discovery but also on the exchange, validation, and dissemination of knowledge.
Wang also said China has built significant strengths through its vast pool of scientists and engineers, complete industrial chains and massive application scenarios, while increasingly moving from application-oriented innovation toward original research. Against this backdrop, US technological blockades and restrictions on cooperation are unlikely to halt China's progress, but could instead isolate American scientists from China's latest research and collaboration opportunities. Such an approach could also prevent the two countries from leveraging their respective strengths and ultimately undermine US competitiveness, Wang said.
。 新加坡政府正积极推广电动汽车，通过扩大激励措施和充电点建设，吸引多家中国电动汽车品牌入驻。吉利和小鹏等高端SUV相继亮相，受到市场关注。新加坡作为全球电动汽车销售的重要市场，已有多家中国汽车制造商成功进入并推出多款车型。
二 | 1. 中国电动汽车进军新加坡市场新加坡电动汽车市场近期呈现蓬勃发展态势，随着政府不断扩大激励措施和充电设施建设，多家中国电动汽车品牌纷纷进军这一市场。上周，吉利旗下豪华电动汽车品牌Zeekr的Zeekr X在新加坡首次亮相，作为一款高端SUV，其起售价定为199,999新加坡元，吸引了众多消费者的关注。中国广州—11月24日消息：ZEEKR X于2023年11月24日在广东广州中国进出口商品交易会展馆展出。来源：斯特林格/阿纳多卢通过盖蒂图片社紧接着，小鹏汽车也宣布在新加坡设立弹出式展厅，为公众提供试驾其Xpeng G6电动SUV的机会。该车型标准版起价为209,999新元，长续航版则为224,999新元，进一步丰富了新加坡市场的电动汽车选择。Zeekr副总裁Mars Chen在品牌发布后表示：“随着新加坡持续推进电动汽车转型，我们相信消费者期待电动汽车不仅提供便捷的出行方式，更能带来卓越的驾驶体验，从而提升城市生活的品质。
三 | ”他同时表达了对品牌在东南亚乃至全球扩展的乐观态度。事实上，中国电动汽车在新加坡的普及并非新鲜事物。自2014年起，比亚迪等中国汽车制造商便已开始进入这一市场，推出包括电动出租车在内的多款车型。如今，广汽永旺、奇瑞等更多品牌也加入了这一行列，共同推动新加坡电动汽车市场的多元化发展。2. 政府大力支持新加坡政府对于电动汽车的推广不遗余力，计划从2025年起逐步淘汰柴油车和出租车，并在2030年前实现内燃机车的逐步淘汰。
四 | 为加速电动汽车的普及，政府已出台多项激励措施，包括延长电动汽车早期普及奖励计划至2025年，为新车和出租车提供高达15,000新元的额外登记费回扣。电动汽车路线图概述此外，新加坡还致力于提升充电基础设施的可用性，以支持更大规模的电动汽车保有量。截至目前，全国已安装超过7100个电动汽车充电点，并计划到2030年实现6万个充电点的目标。市场研究机构惠誉解决方案公司BMI预测，得益于政府的激励政策和充电设施的完善，新加坡乘用车电动汽车销量将在2024年实现显著增长，同比增长率预计达到73.7%。
五 | 其中，电池电动汽车销量增长尤为突出，增幅将达到74.7%。随着电动汽车市场的持续扩张，新加坡正逐步成为全球电动汽车发展的重要节点。未来，更多中国及其他国际电动汽车品牌有望在这片热土上绽放光彩，共同推动绿色出行时代的到来。参考资料：1. More Chinese EV makers debut in Singapore as the city-state boosts adoption with incentives, more charging points, CNBC。
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Published on:06:09:34
